"This roundel had probably been previously embroidered onto a surcoat, such those in navy blue worn by the imperial court during important rituals or ceremonies during the Qing dynasty (1644-1911).\n\nAccording to the Huangchao Liqi Tushi (Illustrations of Imperial Ritual Paraphernalia), only the Emperor and his consorts (including the Empress), and the Crown Prince, would have worn roundels bearing front-facing dragons. Although it is certain that this roundel would not have adorned the emperor's surcoat (the gunfu), as it is missing the requisite shou character, and solar and lunar symbols, it is not easy to say if this roundel came from the robe of the Crown Prince or the Consorts."@en . . . .