The wide cut and roomy sleeves joined to wide sleeve cuffs is a design feature which appeared during the reign of the Daoguang Emperor (1821-1850); but the design of the shou character belongs to the era of the Xianfeng Emperor (1850-1861), helping us to attribute this robe more precisely to the latter period. See "Artefacts from the Taiping Period (Taiping tiantuo chutu wenwu), Wenwu, May 1959 issue; and also Chen, Juanjuan, "Shou character ornamentation in Textile artefacts (Zhixiu wenwu zhong de shouzi zhuangshi), Palace Museum Journal, 2004 (March/April issue) pp.10-19.